Can Science Be A Business ? Lessons From Biotech  

Oleh:

Pisano, Gary P.

Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Harvard Business Review bisa di lihat di link (http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/command/detail?sid=f227f0b4-7315-44a4-a7f7-a7cd8cbad80b%40sessionmgr114&vid=12&hid=105&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=bth&jid=HBR) vol. 84 no. 10 (Okt. 2006), page 114-125.
Topik: SCIENCE; biotechnology; corporate strategy; industry structure; intellectual property; licensing; R & D; vertical integration

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: HH10.31 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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In 1976, Genentech, the first biotechnology company, was founded by a young venture capitalist and a university professor to exploit recombinant DNA technology. Thirty years and more than $300 billion in investments later, only a handful of biotech firms have matched Genentech's success or even shown a profit. No avalanche of new drugs has hit the market, and the long - awaited breakthrough in R & D productivity has yet to materialize. This disappointing performance raises a question : Can organizations motivated by the need to make profits and please shareholders successfully conduct basic scientific research as a core activity ? The question has largely been ignored, despite intense debate over whether business's invasion of basic science - long the domain of universities and nonprofit research institutions - is limiting access to discoveries, thereby slowing advances in science. Biotech has not lived up to its promise, says the author, because its anatomy, which has worked well in other high - tech sectors, can't handle the fundamental challenges facing drug R & D : profound, persistent uncertainty and high risks rooted in the limited knowledge of human biology ; the need for the diverse disciplines involved in drug discovery to work together in an integrated fashion ; and barriers to learning, including tacit knowledge and murky intellectual property rights, which can slow the pace of scientific advance. A more suitable anatomy would include increased vertical integration; a smaller number of closer, longer collaborations ; an emphasis by universities on sharing rather than patenting scientific discoveries ; more cross - disciplinary academic research ; and more federal and private funding for translational research, which bridges basic and applied science. With such modifications, science can be a business.

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