Detail Hypermnesia as Determined by Level of Recall.   Oleh:  Roediger, Henry L. ; Lean, Debra S. ; Payne, David G. ; Gillespie, Gerald L. Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine Dalam koleksi: Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior vol. 21 no. 6 (Dec. 1982), page 635-655. Ketersediaan Perpustakaan PKBB Nomor Panggil: 405/JVL/21 Non-tandon: tidak ada Tandon: 1  Lihat Detail Induk Isi artikel The results of three experiments provide converging evidence for the conclusions that hypermnesia (increased recall with repeated testing) does not depend on encoding of mate- rial in an imaginal format, but is related to the level of recall across conditions within an experiment. In Experiment 1 subjects performed orthographic, phonological, or semantic operations on words and then recalled them on three successive free recall tests. Orienting tasks affected the level of recall (semantic> phonological> orthographic), and the level of recall was correlated with hypermnesia. In Experiment 2 subjects studied nonsense syllables presented either once or three times and were then given three tests. Recall improved across tests, and the improvement was reliably greater for items studied three times. In both Experiments 1 and 2 subjects who received three tests recalled no more total items than did subjects given a single long test of equivalent duration. In Experiment 3 subjects repeatedly recalled instances of categories from semantic memory. Hypermnesia was observed and was again related to level of recall. The results help delineate the necessary and sufficient conditions for observing hypermnesia on repeated tests, and are in general agreement with the account of the phenomenon provided by J. G. W. Raaijmakers and R. M. Shiffrin's (In The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory. Opini Anda Klik untuk menuliskan opini Anda tentang koleksi ini! Kembali

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