The Role of Agonistic Striving in the Association Between Cortisol and High Blood Pressure  

Oleh:

Ewart, Craig K. ; Elder, Gavin J. ; Jorgensen, Randall S ; Fitzgerald, Sheila T.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Psychosomatic Medicine: Journal of Biobehavioral Medicine vol. 79 no. 04 (May 2017), page 416-425.
Topik: Agonistic Striving; Cortisol; Implicit Goals; Depression; Anger; Hostility; Hypertension

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: P01.K Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Objective: A social action theory of chronic stress proposes that agonistic striving (seeking to influence or control others) impairs cardiovascular health by magnifying the impact of high adversity-induced cortisol levels on blood pressure. We tested three predictions of social action theory: (1) the social action theory taxonomy of regulatory strivings characterizes young adults from high-adversity neighborhoods; (2) high cortisol levels predict high blood pressure more reliably in the subgroup with the agonistic striving profile than in subgroups with other profiles; (3) the association of higher cortisol and higher blood pressure with agonistic striving is not explained by negative affect (depressive symptoms/dysphoria, anger, hostility). Methods: Participants were young adults (N = 198, mean [SD] age = 32 [3.4] years); 71% female; 65% black) from disadvantaged urban neighborhoods. Motive profiles (including agonistic strivings) were assessed using the Social Competence Interview. Cortisol levels were derived from saliva samples; blood pressure level was obtained during two days of ambulatory monitoring. Psychological measures of negative affect were assessed using questionnaires. Results: The predicted taxonomy of regulatory strivings was replicated in this sample; the interaction between cortisol and motive profile was significant (F(2, 91) = 6.72, p = .002); analyses of simple effects disclosed that higher cortisol levels predicted higher ambulatory blood pressure only in individuals who exhibited agonistic striving. Depressive symptoms/dysphoria, trait anger, and hostility were not correlated with agonistic striving, cortisol, or blood pressure. Conclusions: Agonistic striving may represent a distinctive (and novel) social-cognitive mechanism of toxic stress and cardiovascular risk.

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