A Comparison of Collocates of Teman, Berteman, Pertemanan, and Kawan, Berkawan, Perkawanan  

Oleh:

Saptiti, Kenia A.

Jenis: Article from Proceeding
Dalam koleksi: CONCORPS: The 3rd Atma Jaya Conference on Corpus Studies, Gaining Better Insights Into Language Through Corpora, Jakarta, August 21, 2015, page 91-108.
Topik: teman; kawan; collocation; word sketch
Fulltext: Kenia A. Saptiti-91.pdf (1.4MB)

Isi artikel

Two words in Indonesian language referring to the English word for ‘friend’ are teman and kawan. The casual use of both words involves emotional bound among friends. This leads to a question of how they may differ. The writer hypothesizes that the word kawan, berkawan, perkawanan tends to be more intimate than teman, berteman, pertemanan, have close collocation, and narrow meaning, while teman, berteman, pertemanan have wider context and are more frequently used. According to KBBI Daring (2008), taken from http://badanbahasa.kemdikbud.go.id/kbbi/index.php, teman /te·man/ n is 1 kawan; sahabat; 2 orang yang bersama-sama bekerja (berbuat, berjalan); lawan (bercakap-cakap; 3 yang menjadi pelengkap (pasangan) atau yang dipakai (dimakan dsb) bersama-sama; 4 cak saya (di beberapa daerah dipakai dalam bahasa sehari hari). And the word kawan /ka·wan/ means n orang yang sudah lama dikenal dan sering berhubungan dalam hal tertentu (bermain, belajar, bekerja, dsb); teman; sahabat; sekutu. This study is conducted to make a comparison between the definition of teman and kawan, berteman and berkawan, pertemanan and perkawanan, both from the dictionary and the actual use, based on their collocations. Therefore we can use them properly. Since teman, kawan, pertemanan and perkawanan are nouns, this study analyzes the adjectival collocates. It also analyzes the noun collocates, since berteman and berkawan are verbs. The data are taken from the Indonesian corpus, and analyzed based on the most frequent collocates of each word appear on Word Sketch. This study discusses about adjective words collocating the word teman and kawan, and pertemanan and perkawanan, additionally, what noun words collocating the word berteman and berkawan based on corpus. Method used in this study is quantitative method based on data collected from sketch engine in an online site sketchengine.co.uk. Based on the data analysis, the word kawan collocates the adjective words such as (adjective-right) karib, abadi, (adjective-left) selamat, dihormati, hebat, ditakuti, akrab which are considered as someone with intimacy. Meanwhile the result of the word teman refers to the adjective words such as (adjective-right) sejawat, kecil, salah, tua, and (adjective-left) lain, baru, lama, mudah which are considered to be a friend in general sense. The word perkawanan collocates the adjective words such as (adjective-right) karib, kental, akrab, which are considered to be a stronger friendship. While the result of the word pertemanan refers to the adjective words such as (adjective-right) spesial, nyata, retak, which are considered to be a standard friendship. The word berkawan collocates the noun words such as (nounright) rapat, kawan, malaikat, (noun-left) lelaki, remaja which refer to an intimate meaning. While the result of the word berteman refers to the noun words such as (noun-right) anak-anak and teman. This result meets the writer’s hypothesis about the words teman, berteman, pertemanan and kawan, berkawan, perkawanan.

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