Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Metabolic Risk Factors in South Asians Living in the United States  

Oleh:

Gadgil, Meghana D ; Anderson, Cheryl AM ; Kandula, Namratha R ; Kanaya, Alka M.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: JN: The Journal of Nutrition vol. 145 no. 06 (Jun. 2015), page 1211-1217 .
Topik: dietary patterns; South Asian; metabolic syndrome; diabetes; atherosclerosis

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: J42.K Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Background: South Asians are at high risk of metabolic syndrome, and dietary patterns may influence this risk. Objectives: We aimed to determine prevalent dietary patterns for South Asians in the United States and their associations with risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Methods: South Asians aged 40–84 y without known cardiovascular disease were enrolled in a community-based cohort called Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America. A validated food frequency questionnaire and serum samples for fasting and 2-h glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and total and HDL cholesterol were collected cross-sectionally. We used principal component analysis with varimax rotation to determine dietary patterns, and sequential linear and logistic regression models for associations with metabolic factors. Results: A total of 892 participants were included (47% women). We identified 3 major dietary patterns: animal protein; fried snacks, sweets, and high-fat dairy; and fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. These were analyzed by tertile of factor score. The highest vs. the lowest tertile of the fried snacks, sweets, and high-fat dairy pattern was associated with higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (ß: 1.88 mmol/L · uIU/L) and lower HDL cholesterol (ß: -4.48 mg/dL) in a model adjusted for age, sex, study site, and caloric intake (P < 0.05). The animal protein pattern was associated with higher body mass index (ß: 0.73 m/kg2), waist circumference (ß: 0.84 cm), total cholesterol (ß: 8.16 mg/dL), and LDL cholesterol (ß: 5.69 mg/dL) (all P < 0.05). The fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes pattern was associated with lower odds of hypertension (OR: 0.63) and metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.53), and lower HOMA-IR (ß: 1.95 mmol/L · uIU/L) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The animal protein and the fried snacks, sweets, and high-fat dairy patterns were associated with adverse metabolic risk factors in South Asians in the United States, whereas the fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes pattern was linked with a decreased prevalence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome.

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