Self-Enhancement and Self-Criticism in Japanese Culture: An Experimental Analysis  

Oleh:

Takata, Toshitake

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology (http://journals.sagepub.com/home/jcca) vol. 34 no. 5 (Sep. 2003), page 542-551.
Topik: self-enhancement; self-criticism; Uchi-Soto distinction; Japanese culture
Fulltext: JCCP_34_05_542.pdf (96.33KB)

Isi artikel

A large number of cross-cultural studies have shown that Japanese tend to exhibit less self-enhancement and more self-criticism than North Americans. Using Heine, Takata, and Lehman's experimental paradigm, the present study sheds light on the conditions under which Japanese exhibit self-enhancement. Replicating Heine et al.'s study, it was found that Japanese tend to be self-critical when they are under a competition-free situation and feel some affective bonds to others, namely, those with whom they have an Uchi (inner) relationship. On the other hand, Japanese tend to display self-enhancement as much as their North American counterparts in a situation where they have to be competitive with someone to whom they are not affectively related, or one with whom they have a Soto (outer) relationship. It was suggested that one crucial determinant of whether self-enhancement or self-effacement/criticism is predominant in Japanese culture is the quality of the interpersonal relationship.

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