Why Is There No Generic Insulin? Historical Origins of a Modern Problem  

Oleh:

Greene, Jeremy A. ; Riggs, Kevin R.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: The New England Journal of Medicine (keterangan: ada di Proquest) vol. 372 no. 12 (Mar. 2015), page 1171-1175.

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Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: N08.K Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Although the exact development costs of any particular drug are never disclosed, economists estimate the average investment for an innovative drug that is brought to market at more than $1 billion and rising.1,2 These high costs of pharmaceutical research and development are often invoked to justify the high price tags of new medications. Although the price point of effective new drugs — from hepatitis cures to new agents for heart failure — may initially be out of reach for many patients, market laws predict that drugs with strong demand should become more accessible after market exclusivity ends and generic competition begins. Since 1984, when the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act was passed, pharmaceutical innovation and access have been balanced on that premise: innovative drugs are rewarded with high prices during their window of patent protection, and generic competition reduces prices thereafter

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