Cultural Variation in the Focus on Goals Versus Processes of Actions  

Oleh:

Miyamoto, Yuri ; Knoepfler, Christopher. A ; Ishii, Keiko ; Ji, Lin-Jun

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (http://journals.sagepub.com/home/pspc) vol. 39 no. 6 (Jun. 2013), page 707-719.
Topik: Process Versus Goal; Action Identification; Self-Consistency; Culture; Individual and Collective Levels
Fulltext: Pers Soc Psychol Bull-2013-Miyamoto-707-19_Pas.pdf (344.82KB)

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: PP45.49 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Everyday actions (e.g., riding a bike) can be described in ways that emphasize either the goals of the action by adapting a higher level identification (e.g., getting exercise) or the processes of the action by adapting a lower level identification (e.g., pedaling). In Studies 1 and 2, we demonstrate cultural differences in focusing on the process or goal of actions at the individual level: Americans are more likely than Japanese to focus on the goal (rather than the process) of actions. Study 3 recruited Chinese participants in addition to American and Japanese participants and found that cultural differences in action identification are partly explained by cultural differences in self-consistency. Study 4 further showed cultural differences at the collective level: American media presents more goal-oriented information and less process-oriented information than does Japanese media. These findings highlight the role of culture in shaping how people attend to different aspects of action

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