Reducing the sodium-potassium ratio in the US diet: a challenge for public health  

Oleh:

Drewnowski, Adam ; Maillot, Matthieu ; Rehm, Colin D

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition vol. 96 no. 02 (Aug. 2012), page 439-444.
Topik: NUTRITIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; Dietary Sodium; Public Health

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: A07.K.2012.02 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Background: The 2010 Dietary Guidelines emphasized that dietary sodium should be limited to 2300 mg/d, with a lower limit of 1500 mg/d for adults aged >50 y, non-Hispanic blacks, and those with diabetes, hypertension, or chronic kidney disease. The potassium goal remained at 4700 mg/d. Objective: The objective was to identify subpopulations for whom the 1500- or 2300-mg Na/d goals applied and to examine the joint sodium and potassium intakes for these persons. Design: The analyses were based on NHANES 2003–2008 data for 12,038 adult men and women aged =20 y. Persons aged >50 y, non-Hispanic blacks, and persons with hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease were identified. Mean sodium, potassium, and energy intakes were obtained from 2 nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Historical analyses of the sodium-potassium ratios in the American diet were based on NHANES 1971–2006. Results: Among persons recommended to consume <2300 mg Na/d, <0.12% jointly met the sodium and potassium guidelines. In the 1500-mg/d group, the guidelines were jointly met by <0.015%. Based on Dietary Guidelines, the corresponding dietary sodium-potassium ratio was either 0.49 (2300/4700) or 0.32 (1500/4700). Historical analyses of NHANES data by age-sex groups from 1971 to 2006 showed that sodium-potassium ratios were never <0.83. Conclusions: Joint dietary guidelines for sodium and potassium, intended for most American adults, are currently being met by =0.015% of the population. Extraordinary efforts will be needed to meet the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines.

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