Dua Ratus Tahun Praktik Demokrasi Desa: Potret Kegagalan Adopsi Demokrasi Barat oleh Bangsa Indonesia  

Oleh:

Nurcholis, Hanif

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah nasional
Dalam koleksi: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan no. 38 (2012), page 67-83.
Topik: Raffles Policy; Direct Democratic Elections in The Village; Democracy as a Instrument; Democratic Transactional
Fulltext: 67-83 (Bernard).pdf (2.32MB)

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During the Raffles' period 1811-1816, he switched over the changing of the village's leader from hereditary system or choosing by senior forum into a direct election. This policy has two main objectives. First, Raffles looks for the best person who cans be trusted and runs his policy properly. Second, he wants to introduce the Western democracy values to Indonesia. This policy was followed by the Dutch regime until 1942 when Indonesia was taken over by Japan. By Indonesia government also the policy has been continued. Even though, democracy has been implemented around two hundred years, it did not develop a rational democracy system in the village. Currently, the direct election on the villages' leader could not lead to the village administration to be transparent, clean, accountable, participatory, public service oriented, and empowering the people of the village. It can be happened because there are several reasons. Firstly, the villagers could not understand the meaning and the values of democracy. They just focus on how to implement the direct election and choose their formal leader. Secondly, Democracy is understood as an instrument or tool rather than as a concept, value of government system. As a result, democracy is implemented meaningless and it can be transformed into village customs properly. The failure of direct election can be risen because the premature of Raffles' policy implementation, the Dutch exploitative system and the absence of political education by Indonesian leader in early Indonesian Independent, the political mobilization by Suharto regime and the democratic transitional in reformation Order.

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