Life stress, the dopamine receptor gene, and emerging adult drug use trajectories: A longitudinal, multilevel, mediated moderation analysis  

Oleh:

Brody, Gene H. ; Chen, Yi-Fu ; Yu, Tianyi ; Beach, Steven R. H. ; Kogan, Steven M. ; Simons, Ronald L. ; Windle, Michael ; Philibert, Robert A.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Development and Psychopathology vol. 24 no. 3 (Agu. 2012), halaman 941-951.
Topik: Life Stress; Genetic Status; Multilevel Growth Curve Modeling; Gene X Environment Interaction

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: DD21.23 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

This study was designed to examine the prospective relations of life stress and genetic status with increases in drug use. African Americans (N = 399) in rural Georgia (Wave 1 mean age = 17 years) provided three waves of data across 27.5 months and a saliva sample from which the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene was genotype. Multilevel growth curve modeling analysis indicated that emerging adults manifested the highest escalations in drug use when they reported high life stress and carried an allele of DRD4 with 7 or more repeats (7 + R allele). In addition, emerging adults who reported high life stress and carried the 7 + R allele evinced the largest increases in two proximal risk factors for drug use: affiliations with drug-using companions and drug use vulnerability cognition's. Furthermore, when the Gene × Environment interaction effects on the increases in affiliations with drug-using companions and vulnerability cognition's were entered into the model forecasting drug use, the Life Stress × DRD4 Status interaction on drug use became non-significant in the presence of the risk mechanisms. This finding provides an example of “second generation” Gene × Environment interaction research in which the interaction's effects on proximal risk mechanisms account for its effects on outcomes.

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