Historysis: Free Exchange  

Oleh:

[s.n]

Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine
Dalam koleksi: The Economist (http://search.proquest.com/) vol. 403 no. 8779 (Apr. 2012), page 72.
Topik: Geographic Profiles; Regions; Democracy; Culture; Islam; History

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: EE29.71 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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There is no doubt the Arab region suffers from a democratic deficit. Arab League states account for almost a third of the world's autocracies, according to a democracy index constructed by the Economist Intelligence Unit. The challenge is understanding why. Popular theories include those that cite Arab or Islamic culture, the corrosive impact of regional conflict, or the curse of oil wealth. But research by Eric Chaney, an economist at Harvard University, offers another explanation with deep institutional roots. Chaney's attention was caught by the fact the "Arab" democratic deficit extends beyond the modern Arab world. In fact, it is almost perfectly conterminous with lands conquered by Muslim dynasties in the centuries after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. Chaney identifies countries at least half of whose present-day land mass was conquered by Muslim armies by the year 1100 and which thereafter remained under Islamic rule. By dividing the Muslim world into conquered countries and those spared conquest, Chaney finds that the democratic deficit remains for the former group but vanishes for the latter. Others have argued that the Arab-Israeli conflict is an obstacle to democratic transitions in the Arab world. Yet Chaney's results persist when the Arab states closest to Israel are excluded from his analysis.

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