They Sell Sea Shells: The Incorporation Business  

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Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine
Dalam koleksi: The Economist (http://search.proquest.com/) vol. 403 no. 8779 (Apr. 2012), page 58-59.
Topik: Start-ups; Corruption; Money Laundering; Tax Evasion; Private Enterprise; Private Sector; Incorporation

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: EE29.71 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Up to 2m companies are set up in America each year, according to Senate investigators. The British Virgin Islands (BVI) alone registered 59,000 new firms in 2010. It had 457,000 active companies as of last September--more than 16 companies for every one of its 28,000 people. Many such firms may be real, with their own offices and employees somewhere in the world. But many are paper firms, often with nominee directors and free of any obligation to publish their accounts. That helps stop outsiders from working out what they do or own, where they operate, who controls them and whom they really belong to. Shell companies are perfectly legal and have many above-board uses. Firms may use them during mergers, to park assets during complicated transactions, or to fend off lawsuits in countries with predatory governments or corrupt courts. They can usefully protect trade secrets. They offer flexibility for entrepreneurs needing to move quickly. But they can also be misused--for tax evasion, money laundering, sanctions-busting or terrorism. One reason for their ubiquity is an American-led push against money laundering. New rules make it all but impossible for someone to open a bank account anonymously. As a result, shell companies have become the easiest way for a malefactor to hide his identity. Tracing the real owners of private firms is harder in America than almost anywhere else.

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