Syllogistic Inference Chains in Meaningful Text  

Oleh:

Carlson, Richard A. ; Yaure, Robin G. ; Lundy, David H.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: The American Journal of Psychology vol. 105 no. 01 (1992), page 75-99.
Topik: meanings; Syllogistic; Inference; Chains; Meaningful Text
Fulltext: 1422982.pdf (2.36MB)

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Perpustakaan PKPM Nomor Panggil: A12 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Deductive reasoning can be described as a process that constructs and evaluates argument structures in working memory. Specific assumptions about this process generate predictions concerning the processes evoked by syllogistic arguments encountered in reading meaningful text. Four experiments examined these processes. Subjects read meaningful texts that included syllogistic inference chains, then answered questions requiring memory retrieval or deductive inference. The order in which premises appeared in the passages varied, as did the presence of prequestions corresponding to the memory or inference test questions. Experiments 1 and 2 replicate previous findings concerning premise order, and demonstrate that reasoning processes are changed as predicted by prequestions that provide deductive goals. In Experiment 3, manipulating the number of premises required for answering inference questions supported a stepwise view of reasoning. Experiment 4 examined the generality of these findings by using the same manipulations with different presentation and response modes. Implications for the role of deductive reasoning in cognitive theory are discussed.

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