China's Population: The Most Surprising Demographic Crisis  

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Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine
Dalam koleksi: The Economist (http://search.proquest.com/) vol. 399 no. 8732 (May 2011), page 27-28.
Topik: Census of Population; Demographics; Trends; Social policy; Conflict; Family planning; Population

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: EE29.66 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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New census figures bolster claims made in the past few years that China is suffering from too low a birth rate. The latest numbers, released on April 28th and based on the nationwide census conducted last year, show a total population for mainland China of 1.34 billion. They also reveal a steep decline in the average annual population growth rate, down to 0.57% in 2000-10, half the rate of 1.07% in the previous decade. The data imply that the total fertility rate, which is the number of children a woman of child-bearing age can expect to have, on average, during her lifetime, may now be just 1.4, far below the "replacement rate" of 2.1, which eventually leads to the population stabilising. Slower growth is matched by a dramatic ageing of the population. In addition to skewing the country's age distribution, China's one-child policy has probably exacerbated its dire gender imbalance. Many more baby boys are born in China than baby girls. The census results are likely to intensify debate in China between the powerful population-control bureaucracy and an increasingly vocal group of academic demographers calling for a relaxation of the one-child policy. There are signs that the academics are succeeding in their campaign to make the population debate less politicised and more evidence-based

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