Background. Increased life expectancy in Indonesia have an impact on the health of the elderly, which also affect the quality of life. Quality of life as a determinant of individual well-being is affected by multiple factors, such as spirituality and social support. Both factors have a good role on quality of life of the elderly. The purpose of this study is to define the association between spirituality and social support on quality of life among elderly.
Method. This study was an analytic study with cross-sectional design, that was conducted to 213 subjects in West and South Jakarta. Quality of life was assesst using World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, spirituality using The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) questionnaire, and social support using Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaire. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyzed the data.
Results. This study shows that spirituality has no association with quality of life in general and in the satisfaction to health (? > 0,05). In psychological domain, shows there is a significant difference between each category of spirituality to the quality of life (? < 0,05). In the other hand, social support also shows no association with quality of life in general and in the satisfaction to health (? > 0,05). Whereas the four domains proves to give significant differences between each category of perceived social support to quality of life (? < 0,05), except the physical domain (? > 0,05). Subjects with higher level of social support have higher quality of life.
Conclusion. There is a significant difference on psychological domain of quality of life between each category of spirituality, and also on psychological, social relationship, and environment domains between each category of social support. But there is no association between spirituality and social support with quality of life in general and in satisfaction to health. |