An epistemic step for anti-presuppositions  

Oleh:

Chemla, Emmanuel

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Journal of Semantics (Sebagian Full Text) vol. 25 no. 2 (May 2008), page 141–173.
Topik: Presuppositions; Anti-Presuppositions;
Fulltext: vol 25, no 2, p 141-173.pdf (206.52KB)

Isi artikel

Sentence (1) strongly suggests that the speaker does not have a sister: (1) John believes that I have a sister. a. Alternative: John knows that I have a sister. b. Actual inference: The speaker does not have a sister. c. Predicted inference: It is not common belief that the speaker has a sister. According to Heim (1991), Percus (2006), and Sauerland (2006), this inference should follow from the comparison of (1) to (1a). However, such an analysis would only predict a very weak implicature: it is not common belief that the speaker has a sister. I propose to strengthen this prediction by two means. First, I rely on a precise understanding of the modern Stalnakerian view of presuppositions and common ground (Stalnaker 1998, 2002; von Fintel 2000; Schlenker 2006). Second, I argue that this inference depends on contextual factors. More precisely, I show that the Competence Assumption (see Spector 2003; van Rooij & Schulz 2004; Sauerland 2004) necessary to obtain secondary scalar implicatures should be supplemented with an Authority Assumption. I motivate this additional assumption on independent empirical grounds. Finally, I show how my proposal accounts for a wide variety of inferences with fine variations governed by (i) contextual differences and (ii) specific properties of the presupposition triggers involved.

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