Memory for Relevant and Irrelevant Information : Evidence for Deficient Inhibitory Processes in Language / Learning Disabled Children  

Oleh:

Wilson, Sherry ; Lorsbach, Thomas C. ; Reimer, Jason F.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Contemporary Educational Psychology vol. 21 no. 04 (Oct. 1996), page 467-476.
Topik: MEMORY; language; learning; disabled children; inhibitory process; deficient; evidence; information; memory

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan PKPM Nomor Panggil: C15 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

The present study examined whether language / learning disabled children have greater difficulty than no disabled children suppressing information that becomes irrelevant during a sentence processing and memory task. During study trials, children were asked to predict and remember the terminal nouns for a series of sentences that highly constrained a terminal noun. For the remaining study trials (critical trials). However, the sentence ending expected by the child was disconfirmed with a low-probability ending (target noun). Thus, when presented with the sentence, "We made a sandwich with peanut butter and. . . ," the child's prediction ("jelly") was disconfirmed with a different ending ("bananas"). Memory for the disconfirmed and target nouns of critical study trials were subsequently tested implicitly with a new sentence completion task. In this case, memory for disconfirmed and target nouns that had been associated with individual study sentences were measured in terms of priming effects. The analysis of priming effects indicated that language / learning disabled children experienced greater difficulty than no disabled children inhibiting the activation of irrelevant information (disconfirmed nouns) and sustaining the activation of relevant information (target nouns) during a verbal memory task. These results were discussed in terms of their implications for some of the memory and language difficulties of language / learning disabled children.

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