VOLITIONAL AND NON-VOLITIONAL PASSIVES IN ENGLISH:How do They Work?  

Oleh:

Jufrizal

Jenis: Article from Proceeding
Dalam koleksi: Conference on English Studies 5 (CONEST 5), Jakarta, 1-2 December 2008, page 73-79.
Topik: nominative-accusative; passivization; passive; voice; volitionality; linguistic typology; English
Fulltext: 6 - Jufrizal.pdf (119.85KB)

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Perpustakaan PKBB Nomor Panggil: 406 CES 5 Non-tandon: tidak ada Tandon: 1

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As an accusative language, English belongs to languages which clearly assign the dichotomy of active and passive voice. Tyopologically, English has periphrastic or analytic passivization; passivization by means of a copular verb plus the “past participle” (a patient nominalization) of the underlying active construction. Cross-linguistic studies on passivization indicate that different languages circumscribe passivizable verbs differently according to the notion of activity. English, for example, includes in the group mental activities and even some mental states as well as the situations involving inanimate entities acting on another, while Indo-Aryan languages like Marathi and Hindi, and Malay languages such as bahasa Indonesia and Minangkabaunese may have different grammatical strategies for volitional and non-volitional passives. Consequently, the phenomena of volitional and non-volitional passives in English may have different grammatical and semantic characteristics from those in bahasa Indonesia and/or in Minangkabaunese, for example. Both bahasa Indonesia and Minangkabaunese have morphological passivization and different morphological markers can cause different volitionality in the passive constructions. This paper discusses the phenomena of volitional and non-volitional passives in English based on the theories of linguistic typology. In order to have cross-linguistic comparisons, the discussion is served by comparing them with the volitionality cases of passives in bahasa Indonesia and those of Minangkabaunese. The comparative discussion is aimed to show that passivization and phenomena of passives, particularly on volitionality, are various cross-linguistically

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