Shortened words and lifestyle labels in Indonesia  

Oleh:

Widhyasmaramurti ; Richter, Max M.

Jenis: Article from Proceeding
Dalam koleksi: Kolita 8: Konferensi Linguistik Tahunan Atma Jaya 8: Tingkat Internasional, Jakarta, 24 April 2010, page 91.
Topik: INDONESIA; LIFESTYLE LABELS; POPULAR CULTURE; SHORTENED WORDS.
Fulltext: C1 - Widhyasmaramurti & Max - UI & UAJ - Shortened Words and . . ..pdf (152.16KB)

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The constant evolution of human language is a key indicator of human creativity. This phenomenon is also evident among Indonesian people who tend to form and apply word coinage through shortened words. These shortened words are productively used colloquially in everyday life. For example, a word to assign a particular form of public transportation, kopaja, is a blend word from KOPerasi Angkutan JAkarta (Jakarta Transportation Cooperative). Shortened words are also present in other countries and languages, and have generally increased over the past two centuries, particularly after Franklin Roosevelt proposed the New Deal Administration by the name “alphabet soup” in 1930-70 (Algeo, 1980). However, in most such cases shortened words assign abstract nouns such as formal institutions. By contrast, in Indonesia shortened words are more productive due to their presence in various parts of speech, including nouns, verbs, and adjectives. The shortened words which apply to verbs and adjectives in the Indonesian language often occur as blend words for lifestyle labels, such as jadul, from JAman DULu (old fashioned); dugem, from DUnia GEMerlap, which assigns a particular activity of going out to discotheques or other late-night places; and gondes, from GONdrong DESa, meaning villager-style long hair. In light of the above, this paper addresses broad questions regarding why Indonesian people tend to form shortened words in various parts of speech, and more specifically the extent to which lifestyle labels as shortened words are integral to subcultural affiliation. Our tentative conclusions are that an etymology of word formation in Indonesia is more difficult to describe and conceptualise than is the case with other languages (cf. Algeo, 1980), and that shortened words as lifestyle labels in Indonesia are indeed primary tools for subcultural affiliation and group identity (Fought, 2006).

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