Master Regulators of Female Fertility  

Oleh:

Dekel, Nava

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: The New England Journal of Medicine (keterangan: ada di Proquest) vol. 361 no. 07 (Aug. 2009), page 718-719.
Topik: Female fertility

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: N08.K.2009.04 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Ovulation, initiated by the proestrus surge of the pituitary luteinizing hormone, culminates in the rupture of the ovarian follicle and is followed by the delivery of a mature oocyte. This event, an essential prelude to fertilization, has long piqued curiosity and is a focus of research in reproduction. Fan et al. recently found that two signaling molecules — extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1 and Erk2) — are critical to luteinizing hormone–induced ovulation in mice. The ovulatory response in mammals represents a complex series of events consisting of at least four distinct components: the resumption of meiosis (also known as oocyte maturation), the expansion and mucification of the cumulus oophorus, a shift from the production of follicular estrogen to the production of progesterone (with luteinization of the granulosa cells), and the disintegration of the follicle wall, which allows the release of the oocyte (Figure 1). It has previously been shown that Erk1 and Erk2 mediate the effect of luteinizing hormone on both cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation (as established in vitro, with the use of cumulus-oocyte cultures and isolated intact ovarian follicles). Moreover, a study of primary granulosa cell culture suggests that Erk1 and Erk2 mediate the luteinizing hormone–induced breakdown of cell-to-cell communication, a prerequisite of oocyte maturation (Figure 1). However, through their recent study, Fan et al. have found that Erk1 and Erk2 are essential to the entire repertoire of ovarian responses that result in ovulation.

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