A Metacognitive Perspective on the Cognitive Deficits Experienced in Intelectually Threatening Environments  

Oleh:

Schmader, Toni ; Forbes, Chad E. ; Zhang, Shen ; Mendes, Wendy Berry

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (http://journals.sagepub.com/home/pspc) vol. 35 no. 5 (May 2009), page 584-596.
Topik: Stereotype Threat; Test Performance; Working Memory; Anxiety; Sympathetic Activation; Emotional Reappraisal
Fulltext: PSPB_35_05_584.pdf (310.09KB)

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: PP45.37 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Three studies tested the hypothesis that negative metacognitive interpretations of anxious arousal under stereotype threat create cognitive deficits in intellectually threatening environments. Study 1 showed that among minority and White undergraduates, anxiety about an intelligence test predicted lower working memory when participants ewre primed with doubts as compared to confidence. Study 2 replicated this pattern with women and showed it to be unique to intellectually threatening environments. Study 3 used emotional reappraisal as an individual difference measure of the tendency to metacognitively reinterpret negative emotions and found that when sympathetic actiavation was high (indexed by salivary alpha-amylase), women who tended to reappraise negative feelings performed betterin math and felt less self-doubt than those low in reappraisal. Overall, findings highlight how metacognitive interpretations of affect can undermine cognitive efficiency under stereotype threat and offer implications for the situational and individual difference variables that buffer people from these effects.

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