ABSTRACT
Risk Factors of Acute Diarrhea among Children Under Five in Sikumana District
Kupang 2008
STEVANI NOVITA
ANDREAS WILLIANTO
ELISABET AUGUSTINA
Supervised by: YVONNE SUZY HANDAJANI
Acute diarrhea is the main cause of mortality and morbidity of children under five.
According to SUSENAS 2001, the prevalence of acute diarrhea among children
under five in Indonesia is 11,4%. It is still being a plague in Indonesia, for instance in
Kupang NTT. SKRT Depkes 2005 reported NTT as the first rank of the highest
diarrhea plague with 1,28% as CFR.
Environmental factors have the greatest influence towards the level of public health,
in which followed by behavioral factors. So do the characteristics of mothers and the
factors of the children under five, which are the risk factors of acute diarrhea.
The objective of this research is to know the factors of environmental sanitation,
factors of the children under five, characteristics and behaviours of mothers which
are considered to influence acute diarrhea among children under five.
This research used analytic observational as the research methodology with cross
sectional study, stratified random and proportionally taking samples from 250
respondents.
By using Chi Square statistic test, the result was achieved that the waste disposal
condition around the house, measles vaccination status, exclusive and prolonged
breastfeeding influenced statistically (P<0.05) the acute diarrhea among children
under five. Besides, the main source of drinking water, the system of human, water
and solid waste disposal, the family income, the education level of mothers, the age
of the children under five, the mothers’ behaviors of washing hands, cleaning and
washing bottles, the way of boiling and consuming, also the storage of drinking
water, did not influence the acute diarrhea among children under five.
In this research it was discovered that the children under five who have opened
condition of solid waste disposal have 3 times greater to suffer from acute diarrhea.
The children under five who never get measles vaccination, have risk to suffer from
acute diarrhea 2 times greater. The risk of acute diarrhea is 2 times greater in children
under five who do not get exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding. Deals with the
results, it is recommended to do a health education about the importance of closing
the waste disposal, measles immunization and exclusive and prolonged
breastfeeding.
Keywords: acute diarrhea, children under five, risk factors, Sikumana – Kupang |