Why Does Employing More Females Increase Corporate Profits?: Evidence from Japanese Panel Data  

Oleh:

Kodama, Naomi ; Odaki, Kazuhiko ; Takahashi, Yoko

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Japan Labor Review vol. 6 no. 1 (2009), page 51-71.
Topik: Employing; Females; Corporate Profits; Japanese Panel Data

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: JJ134.5 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

From the point of view of both the significance of women's participation in society and also corporate business strategy and social responsibility, it is important to know the effects of female employment on the corporate profits and the mechanism that links the proportion of female workers and corporate performance. The empirical results show a positive correlation between the proportion of female workers and corporate profits using firm-level cross-section data, and no correlation according to fixed-effect estimation using panel data. These findings are not consistent with the "discrimination hypothesis" that female workers are discriminated against in the labor market, the "amenity hypothesis" that firms that performs well employ more females for the amenity of male employees, and the "negative shock hypothesis" that firms that encounter a negative shock and experience a deterioration in performance limit hiring. The results suggest that firm-specific factors may increase female employment and also raise corporate performance. An investigation of these firm-specific factors indicates that human resource management (HRM) measures intended to enable equal opportunities and treatment between male and female workers raise both the proportion of female workers and corporate performance. As gender-equality HRM coincides with the profit motive, therefor, it is important to disseminate appropriate information on the HRM advantage. Family-friendly measures, by contrast, should preferably be pursued at public expense by society as a whole in order to avoid unfairness among the firms that comes from external economy effect the measures have.

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