Pembangunan Pertanian Berwawasan Lingkungan Yang Berkelanjutan  

Oleh:

Triharso

Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine
Dalam koleksi: Jurnal Studi Indonesia no. 5 (1995)
Topik: Pembangunan Pertanian; Deklarasi Rio; Program Aksi Agenda 21; Prinsip-prinsip Tentang Kehutanan; Trilogi Pembangunan Nasional
Fulltext: Triharso.pdf (95.26KB)

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Sustainable Agricultural Development based on the ecological insight orientation. Strategic improvement of science and technology must be dinceted to save the environment and minimized this time different and poverty, for example to substitute oil energy with biological energy and other natural energy like seen energy, wind energy, wave energy, peat soil, coal etc. and using perstiside at minimum level, less persistant, less toxic and move seleative. National development trying to unify four main elements like Indonesian manpower, Natural resources, Social dynamics, and technology. Development improvement based on three ways to be known as a Trilogi of Development i.e: 1. To achieve a maximum growth, 2. Equity of income; national capacity in the field of economy, enough food availability (food security), savety in body and soul. Management of national resources to realized sustainable agricultural development based on the ecological out look can be achieves by implementation of system method, holistic, national and integrated with the direction of: 1. To guarantee the availability of raw material as long as possible in the amount and quality as needed, to improve the economic growth, improvement of living standard, and achievement of the equity. 2. To effort utilizing all of the natural resources as productivest as possible and to minimized the non productive one for the common people. 3. To developped value added of natural resources by improving environmental condition. 4. To effort utilizing the natural resources can be expected increasing the national resistance in the sense of improving capability and power full of the nation to continue their life. The method to achieve this gool will be apply three matrix (tri matra) of Agricultural Development based on: 1. Integrated forming system, 2. Integrated commodities cultivation; 3. Integrated agroecosystem regions. The special characteristic of this method is human resources approach i.e: capability and social welfare and then natural resources approach. The important implementation will be functional approach, not commodities sectoral. The implementation of Agricultural Development in the field can done by farmes who acts as a producers, marketing and consumers by three matrix of Agricultural Development the farmers can be fullfiel their requisities, commercial approach and market oriented for their sosial wellfare. The achievement of this activities was to enlarge diversification by horizontal, vertical or region ecosystem. Horizontal diversification has been implemented by the formers with the goal to improve land productivity, to increase food availability and production, to improve income, more intensive land utilization and minimized risk of forming system. Vertical diversification by variation of prosessing can be improve value added of the product and profittable for the farmers. To stimulate the growth and improvement of small agro industries in the village, and more equity of value added distribution. On the other hand the growth of agro industry can be minimized labour movement from the village to the urban as a consequense of improvement of education. Diversification of region ecosystem on the form level can be call on irrigated land, uplock rainfad land and tidal area. The level of diversification on upland was more higher than irigated land. Farmers tend to cultinated rice for over in irrigated land as far as water available. Through farming diversification like: rice-rice-second crop or rice-fish-duck can pressing pest, disease and weed and farmers income can be improve two time or more. Plant Protection system is an Agricultural ecosystem management to protest vield lasses bu pest, diseases and weeds. Plant protection system included control technology component, infra structure of plant protection, decision making and implementation of control. By nature life, livelihood and environmental of life is a complicated system, but they have good design, healthy and self regulation, continued and sustainable.

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