Immunization in India 1993 - 1999 : Wealth, Gender and Regional Inequalities Revisited  

Oleh:

Gaudin, Sylvestre ; Yazbeck, Abdo S.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Social Science & Medicine (www.elsevier.com/locate/sosscimed) vol. 62 no. 3 (Feb. 2006), page 694-706.
Topik: GENDER; equity; gender; immunization; india

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: SS53.1 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Previously published evidence form the 1992 - 1993 indian national family and health survey (NFHS) on the state of childhood immunization showed the importance of analyzing immunization, outcomes beyond national averages. Reported total system Failure (no immunization for all) in some low performance areas suggested that improvements in immunization levels may come with a worsening of the distribution pf immunizatio based on wealth. In this paper, using the second wave of the NFHS (1998 - 1999), we take a new snapshot of the situation and compare it to 1992 - 1993 focusing on heterogeneities between states, rural urban differentials, gender differentials, and more specifically on wealth related inequalities. To assess whether improvements in overall immunization rates (levels) were accompanied by distributional improvements, or conversely, whether inequalities were reduced at the expense of overall achievement, we use a recently developed methodology to calculate an inequality adjusted achievement index that captures performance both in terms of efficiency (change in levels) and equity (distribution by wealth quintiles) for each of the 17 largest indian states. Comparing 1992 - 1993 to 1998 - 1999 achievements using different degrees if inequaltity aversion provides no evidence that distributional improvements occur at the expense of overall performance.

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