Neighborhood Violent Crime and Unemployment Increase the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease : A Multilevel Study in an Urban Setting  

Oleh:

Sundquist, Kristina ; Theobald, Holger ; Min, Yang ; Xinjun, Li ; Johansson, Sven-Erik ; Sundquist, Jan

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Social Science & Medicine (www.elsevier.com/locate/sosscimed) vol. 62 no. 8 (Apr. 2006), page 2061-2071.
Topik: HEART - DISEASES; coronary heart disease; chicago school; neighnbourhood violent crime; neighborhood unemployment; multilevel models; sweden

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: SS53.3 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Little is known about the association between neighborhood social disorganization and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study used the theoretical frameworks of the chicago school and the striling county group in order to analyze the impact of neighborhood violent crime and neighborhood unemployment on CHD in an urban setting, the capital of Sweden. the entire population of stockholm county aged 35 - 64 years on january 1, 1998 was included in the study. All individuals were followed for CHD until december 31, 1998. Small area neighborhood units were used to define neighborhoods. The neighborhoods level variables were calculated as rates of violent crime or unemployment in the small area neighborhood units, categorized in quintiles. multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and neigborhood level variance in three different models. When rates of neighborhood violent crime or neighborhood uneployment increased, the risk of CHD increased among both women and men. In neighborhoods with the highest rates of violent crime (quintile 5), the odds ratios were 1,75 (CI = 1,37 - 2,22) and 1,39 (CI = 1,19 - 1,63) for women and men, respectively. In neighborhoods with the highest unemployment rates, the correspomding odds ratios were 2,05 (CI = 1,62 - 2,59) and 1,50 (CI = 1,28 - 175). These average neighborhood effects in CHD (fixed effects) remained almost unaltered after inclusion of the individual level variables. The neighborhood level variance indicated significant differences in CHD between neighborhoods, and the neighborhood level and individual level variables partly explained the variance between neighborhoods (random effects). Public safety and social stability in socially disorganized neighborhoods need to be improved in order to promote cardiovascular health.

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