Looking on The Bright Side : Downward Counterfactual Thinking in Response to Negative Life Events  

Oleh:

Lehman, Darrin R. ; White, Katherine

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (http://journals.sagepub.com/home/pspc) vol. 31 no. 10 (Oct. 2005), page 1413-1424.
Topik: counterfactual; counterfactual thinking; self - enhancement; culture; coping
Fulltext: 1413.pdf (150.77KB)

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: PP45.24 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Past research has found that downward counterfactual thoughts are rarely generated in response to negative life events. However, the authors suggest that under conditions in which self - enhancement motives are prominent, downward counterfactuals will be more frequent than upward counterfactuals. When motives were explicitly manipulated (Study 1), people generated more downward counterfactuals in the self - enhancement than in the self-improvement and control conditions. In Study 2, among those chronically more motivated to self - enhance (i. e., European Canadians), a manipulation of event severity led to the generation of more downward than upward counterfactuals. This finding was mediated by the desire for self - enhancement. In Study 3, cultural background and the opportunity for self - affirmation were related to the generation of downward counterfactuals in expected ways. Implications of these findings are discussed.

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