Some Issues in the Study of Language Shift in the Northern Calotte  

Oleh:

Aikoi, M.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development vol. 7 no. 5 (1986), page 361-378.

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan PKBB Nomor Panggil: 405/JMM/7 Non-tandon: tidak ada Tandon: 1

Lihat Detail Induk

Isi artikel

The Northern Caloue encompasses the administrative areas of Norway, Sweden and Finland which lie above the Arctic Circle. At present, four languages are spoken in the Northern Caloue: Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish and Sami. The first three have the status of official language. Finnish is a minority language in no hern Norway and northern Sweden. Two of the four languages, Finn' hand Sami, are therefore in the position of being minority language. There are, however, five linguistic minorities in the Northern Calotte: two Finnish speaking minorities and three Sami-speaking minorities. The linguistic minorities of the Northern calotte differ as to their origin. The Sami represent an indigenous minority, the Tornedal Finnish a border minority and the primarily an immigrant minority, although their linguistic position exhibits features of a border minority as well. Circumstances have often forced members of the linguistic minorities of the Northern Calotte to be multilingual, but today they are being assimilated. The Kven in Norway are close to final assimilation as are some of the Sami. I present two case studies from an historical perspective in the context of innovation theory, focusing on a group of reindeer-herding Sami in Finland. I have developed methods for studying the dynamics of the language shift process. This research has required extensive study of demography, family history, ethnicity, language ecology and language use history.

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