In Vitro Selection of Peanut Somatic Embryos on Medium Containing Culture Filtrate of Scierotium Rolfsii and Plantlet Regeneration  

Oleh:

Sudarsono ; Widodo ; Yusnita

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah nasional - terakreditasi DIKTI
Dalam koleksi: Hayati Journal of Biosciences vol. 12 no. 2 (Jun. 2005), page 50-56.
Topik: plants; Sclerotium Rolfsii; Peanut
Fulltext: 39.pdf (232.9KB)

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: HH13.7 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Attempts to identify somaclonal variants of peanut with resistance to Sclerotium stem rot disease due infection of S. rolfsii were conducted. The objectives of this study were to develop in vitro selection method using culture filtrates of S.rolfsii, identify culture filtrate-insentsitive somatic embryo (SE) of peanut after in vitro selection selection and regenerate peanut RO lines originated from culture filtrate-insentive SE. To achieve these objectives, peanut embryogenic tissues were cultured on selective medium containing various concentrations of S. rolfsii culture filtrates and sublethal concentration of the filtrates. Medium containing sublethal level of S. rolfsii culture filtrates was used to identify culture-filtrate insensitive SE of peanut. Subsequently, the selected SEs were germinated plantlets were regenerate and preliminary tested against S. rolfsii. Results of the experiments showed that addition of S. rolfsii culture filtrates into medium for inducing peanut somatic embryos drastically reduced their growth and proliferation. S. rolfsii culture filtrates at 10% concentration has significantly reduce the number of proliferated SE per explant. However, sublethal level was achieved at 30% of culture filtrates concentration. Responses of five peanut cultivar against 30% of culture filtrates were similar, indicating they were similar in their susceptibility against S. rolfsii. A number of culture filtrate-insensitive SE were identified after culturing 1500 clumps of embryogenic tissue of peanut cv. Kelinci for three consecutive passages on medium containing 30% of culture filtrates. Germination of selected SE and regeneration of plantlet from culture filtrate-insensitive SE resulted in 50 peanut RO lines. These lines have been grown in the plastic house and produced normal seeds for further evaluation. Results of S. rolfsii inoculation indicated the exsistance of chimera for insensitivy against S. rolfsii.

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