Biological Sensitivity to Context : II. Empirical Explorations of An Evolutionary Developmental Theory  

Oleh:

Essex, Marilyn J. ; Ellis, Bruce J. ; Boyce, W. Thomas

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Development and Psychopathology vol. 17 no. 2 (2005), page 303-328.
Topik: developmental; evolutionary; developmental theory; empirical explorations
Fulltext: DD21_17_02_BRUCE J. ELLIS.pdf (442.63KB)

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: DD21.8 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

In two studies comprising 249 children and their families, the authors utilized secondary, exploratory data analyse to examine boyce and ellis' (this issue) evolutionary - developmental theory of biological sensitivity to context. The theory proposes that individual differnces in stress reactivity constitute variation in susceptibility to environmental influence, both positive and negative, and that early childhood exposures to either highly protective or acutely stressful environments result in heightened reactivity. In study 1, 127 3 to 5 - year old children were concurrently assessed on levels of support / adversity in home and preschol enviornments and on cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory challenges. In study 2, 122 children were prospectively assessed on familial stress in both infancy and preschool and on autonomic and adrenocortical reactivity to laboratory challenges at age 7. In both studies a disproportionate number of children in supportive, low stress environments displayed high autonomic reactivity. Conversely, in study 2, a relatively high proportion of children in very stressfull environments showed evidence of heightened symptahetic and adrenocortical reactivity. Consitent with the evolutionary - developmental theory, the exploratory analyses also generated the testable hypothesis that relations between levels of childhood support / adversity and the magnitude of stress reactivity are curviliniear, with children from moderately stressful environments displaying the lowest reactivity levels in both studies.

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