Language contacts among skouw ethnic groups: a blessing or a curse?  

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Jenis: Article from Proceeding
Dalam koleksi: KOLITA 17: Konferensi Linguistik Tahunan Atma Jaya Ketujuh Belas Tingkat Internasional, page 214-218.
Topik: Skouw; Multilingual; Language Shift; Skouw Language
Fulltext: 214-218.Imelda.pdf (278.14KB)

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Perpustakaan PKBB Nomor Panggil: 406 KLA 17 Non-tandon: tidak ada Tandon: 1

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Stavans and Hoffmann (2015: 11) state that multilingualism motivated from the contacts between speakers of different languages. According to them, language contact occurred initially is motivated by economic, social and political ssaspects. Furthermore, language contact carries two different consequences a blessing when a community gets enrichment in terms of language or a curse if the existing languages compete to exclude each other. Skouwian is an ethnic group who live in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, which is exact on the border area of Indonesian and Papuan New Guinea (PNG) border. They are the landlord of the border area and still have a strong relationship with their relatives in PNG. In Skouw, they live together with other ethnic groups, such as Javanese, Makasarese and other ethnic groups from Papua, who are varied in religion and languages. Since Skouwian get contact with various ethnic groups, they are become a multilingual community. However, it is recently found that younger generation of Orang Skouw are heading to be a multilingual Papuan-Malay and Indonesian. The paper is going to discuss whether the language contact has lead younger Skouwian to the phenomenon of language shift and questioning whether the linguistic phenomenon is a blessing or a curse? The paper explains the process of national language penetration towards Orang Skouw through macro data which is gathered by interviews. The data focus on describing the language use among Orang Skouw from 50, 40, and 30 years of age generations. Those three generations are considered important because they are the first-three generation who obtain Indonesian as the national language in education. Additionally, the paper will also discuss the consequences of what happens when language contact is unavoidable. It is found that the language contact contributed positively and negatively towards Orang Skouw. In one hand, they are capable to be a multilingual speaker, especially for the older generation. They get farming knowledge and Christianity through other languages. On the other hand, language contacts to the "powerful" Indonesian has brought the younger generation of Skouwian to a dilemmatic situation since they are forced to neglect their ethnic language (read: identity) to national language in order to fulfil their economic challenges.

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