Once is not enough: Standards of well-formedness in manual communication created over three different timespans  

Oleh:

Singleton, Jenny L. ; Goldin-Meadow, Susan ; Morford, Jill P.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Language (ada di JSTOR) vol. 69 no. 4 (Dec. 1993), page 683-715.
Fulltext: ONCE IS NOT ENOUGH.pdf (706.45KB)

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Natural languages are characterized by standards of well-formedness. These internal irds are likely to be. at least in part. a product of a consensus achieved among the of a language over time. Nevertheless. it is possible that an individual,attempting to invent symbols to communicate de novo, might generate a system of symbols that is rly characterized by internal standards of well-formedness. In these studies, we re this possibility by comparing (I) a conventional sign language used by a corn- y of signers and passed down from generation to generation with (2) gestures invented by a deaf child over a period of years and (3) gestures invented by nonsigning Ig individuals on the spot. Thus. we compare communication in the manual modality created over three different timespans-historical, ontogenetic, and microgenetic-fo- , on the extent to which the gestures become codified and adhere to internal stan- 'in each of these timespans. Our findings suggest that an individual can introduce Irds of well-formedness into a self-generated gesture system, but that gradual de- nent over a period of time is necessary for such standards to be constructed.*

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