The Probiotic Mixture VSL#3 Has Differential Effects on Intestinal Immune Parameters in Healthy Female BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice  

Oleh:

Mariman, Rob ; Tielen, Frans ; Koning, Frits ; Nagelkerken, Lex

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: JN: The Journal of Nutrition vol. 145 no. 06 (Jun. 2015), page 1354-1361.
Topik: probiotics; immune modulation; microarray; host genetics; flow cytometry

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: J42.K Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Background: Probiotic bacteria may render mice resistant to the development of various inflammatory and infectious diseases. Objective: This study aimed to identify mechanisms by which probiotic bacteria may influence intestinal immune homeostasis in noninflammatory conditions. Methods: The effect of VSL#3, a mixture of 8 probiotic bacteria, on intestinal gene expression was studied in healthy female BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice after prolonged oral treatment (28 d, triweekly) with 3 × 108 colony-forming units of VSL#3. In a separate experiment in BALB/c mice, the effects of prolonged administration of VSL#3 and of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), followed by 1 single dose of VSL#3, on innate and adaptive immune cells were evaluated. Results: Microarray analysis of the intestines of mice treated with PBS confirmed well-established differences in the expression of immune-related genes between C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Prolonged administration of VSL#3 was associated with downregulation of Il13 [fold change (FC) = 0.46] and Eosinophil peroxidase (Epx) (FC = 0.44) and upregulation of Il12rb1 (FC = 2.1), C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (Ccr5) (FC = 2.6), chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 (Cxcr3) (FC = 1.6), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (Cxcl10) (FC = 2.8) in BALB/c mice but not in C57BL/6 mice. In BALB/c mice, it was shown that 28 d of treatment with VSL#3 affected the Peyer’s patches (PPs) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), which was evident from an increase in B cells (26% and 8%, respectively), a decrease in T cells (21% and 8%, respectively), and an increase in cluster of differentiation (CD) 11c+ cells (57% in PPs) compared with PBS-treated mice. This treatment was also associated with increased frequencies of T helper 17 (13%) and regulatory T cells (11%) in the MLNs. Treatment with PBS followed by 1 single dose of VSL#3, 18 h before killing, was associated with a 2-fold increase in CD103+CD11c+ dendritic cells in MLNs and PPs. Conclusion: VSL#3 treatment mediates mouse strain–specific alterations in immunologic phenotype in conditions of homeostasis, suggesting that the effects of probiotic bacteria depend on the genetic background of the host.

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