Perceptual Fluency in Judgment of Learning Process Affects Metacognition Accuracy (abstract only)  

Oleh:

Hu, Xiao ; Luo, Liang

Jenis: Article from Proceeding
Dalam koleksi: The International Symposium on Social Sciences (TISSS) and Hong Kong International Conference on Education, Psychology and Society (HKICEPS) at Hongkong, December 2013, page 900-901.
Topik: metamemory; judgment of learning; perceptual fluency
Fulltext: Hong Kong-Conference 145.pdf (115.31KB)

Isi artikel

The ability to predict future recall, known as Judgment of Learning (JOL), is an important kind of metamemory monitoring. Previous work has demonstrated that JOL accuracy is affected by perceptual fluency of learning materials. For example, JOL was influenced by font size of word pairs, as larger font sizes were given higher JOLs, whereas little relationship was evident between font size and recall, which leads to metacognitive illusions. However, little work has focused on whether perceptual fluency in JOL process affects JOL accuracy. The present study investigated the influence of perceptual fluency of cue words in JOL process on accuracy of immediate and delayed JOLs. Materials: Materials were 52 unassociated Chinese word pairs. All the cue and target words were nouns with two characters and has word frequency from 0.06 to 46 per million. Relatedness between cues and targets were assessed by 200 raters with a scale ranging from 1 (Very unrelated) to 4 (very related). All these pairs varied in relatedness from 1.3 to 1.9. 24 pairs were randomly assigned to immediate-JOL condition and 24 to delayed-JOL condition. The remaining 4 pairs served as primacy or recency buffers. Procedure: Participants were firstly shown all word pairs. Pairs were presented one at a time for 4s each in 30-point font. For immediate-JOL pairs, cue word was presented again equally often in 10- or 70-point font after the pair disappeared. Participants were given 4s to report orally their estimate of the likelihood of recalling the target in the later cued-recall test from 0 (not likely) to 100 (very likely). For delayed-JOL pairs, cue words were presented equally often in 10- or 70-point font following both immediate JOLs and the study of all items. Participants also had 4s for each to report likelihood numbers. Immediately following the delayed JOLs, participants engaged in a 1-min filler task. Then their memory was tested: 48 cue words were presented one after another for 8s each, and participants had to say aloud the target word. Results: For immediate-JOL pairs, mean JOLs of 10-point cues were significantly lower than that of 70-point cues, whereas recall did not differ between two conditions. For delayed-JOL pairs, both mean JOLs and recall did not differ between 10-point-cue and 70-point-cue condition. Relative accuracy measured by Goodman-Kruskal Gamma was also examined. If higher JOLs are given for items recalled later, a positive gamma should exist. Gamma did not differ between two conditions for immediate-JOL pairs. However, for delayed-JOL pairs, gamma in 70-point-cue condition was significantly higher than in 10-point-cue condition. In conclusion, perceptual fluency of cues in JOL process influenced different aspects of accuracy of immediate and delayed JOLs. This finding suggests that for immediate JOL, large font size is regarded as high memorability and thus raises mean JOLs. For delayed JOL that mainly depends on retrieval process, perceptual fluency has little impact on mean JOLs. However, low perceptual fluency may interfere with memory retrieval and lead to low relative accuracy.

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