The Post 9/11 Democratization In Afghanistan: Challenges And Expectations  

Oleh:

Shah, Ahmad

Jenis: Article from Journal - e-Journal
Dalam koleksi: International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies vol. 04 no. 01 (2012), page 19-32.
Topik: Afghanistan; Democracy; Democratization; Security
Fulltext: 04_01_Ahmad Shah.pdf (304.81KB)

Isi artikel

Since the 1979 Soviet invasion, Afghanistan has been in a continuous state of war. Following the US led invasion of the country in late 2001 and the fall of the Taliban regime, a new process of democrat izat ion started based on the Bonn Agreement - a draft under the umbrella of United Nations which gave a road map to Afghans and the internat ional communit y for a transit ion to a successful democracy and stabilit y in Afghanistan. According to the Agreement, Hamid Karzai was sworn in, in Kabul as head of a 30-member interim power-sharing government on December 22, 2001 and a new era of democratizat ion started in Afghanistan. In the Constitutional Loya Jirga or Grand Council at the end of 2003, the new Afghan const itution was rat ified and the establishment of rule of law formed the basis for the development of Afghan democracy. Based on the new const itution, the first ever presidential elect ions in the history of Afghanistan were held on October 9, 2004 where Hamid Karzai was elected for a term of five years. The very next year, parliamentary elect ions were held for Wolesi Jirga (House of the People) or the Lower House and Provincial Councils. Another important achievement in the country is the standardizat ion of the human rights, especially women rights through establishing an independent commission of human rights. Now there are dozens of female MPs and women candidates stood in the race to be the president of the country. Alt hough efforts are underway for democracy to work in Afghanistan, there are a number of challenges and obstacles. People’s expectations have not been met and the country still faces insecurit y, int imidat ion, corruption, violation of rights, and warlordism. The paper outlines democrat ic achievement in the country in postTaliban Afghanistan and discusses challenges and factors that threaten the nascent democracy.

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