Han Feizi's Political Philosophy and Today's China  

Oleh:

Kusumohamidjojo, Budiono

Jenis: Article from Journal - e-Journal
Dalam koleksi: Melintas: An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion vol. 25 no. 01 (Apr. 2009), page 45-56.
Topik: Dao; Non-action; Law; Authority; Statecraft; Punishment; Reward; Two Handles; Order; Justice
Fulltext: 25_01_Budiono Kusumohamidjojo.pdf (175.21KB)

Isi artikel

Han Feizi is a Chinese thinker who lived in the 3rd century BCE and had the opportunity to inspire the Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi who is acknowledged as the founder of the Empire of China. Taking the path of his realist Confucian teacher Xunzi (contrary to Mengzi who was an idealist Confucian), he believed in the evil character of the human being, as basically everyone only prioritizes its own needs. Therefore Han Feizi deems it most important that the ruler establishes order and peace in society. As such Han Feizi teaches a political theory that differs from the mainstream of the other classical Chinese thinkers in general who consider social ethics as most significant. To establish harmony in society, he finds strict laws, shrewd statecraft and clear authority more decisive than the personal moral virtues of the ruler as taught by Confucius. In order to govern effectively and efficiently, the ruler should employ the “two handles” of governing by punishing law breakers and rewarding law abiders proportionally vis-à-vis all his subjects. It was indeed that kind of governance that was pursued by Mao Zedong while dealing with the officials of the Communist Party of China, resembling that what the Government of China did to deal with civil unrest in Tibet in the 1950s and 2008, and now in Urumqi as well.

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