Micronutrient Deficiencies Are Common in 6- to 8-Year-Old Children of Rural Nepal, with Prevalence Estimates Modestly Affected by Inflammation  

Oleh:

Schulze, Kerry J. ; Christian, Parul ; Lee, S.-F. Wu ; Arguello, Margia ; Hongjie, Cui

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: JN: The Journal of Nutrition vol. 144 no. 06 (Jun. 2014), page 979-987 .

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: J42.K.2014.01 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 1) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Subclinical micronutrient deficiencies remain a hidden aspect of malnutrition for which comprehensive data are lacking in school-aged children. We assessed the micronutrient status of Nepalese children, aged 6 to 8 y, born to mothers who participated in a community-based antenatal micronutrient supplementation trial from 1999 to 2001. Of 3305 participants, plasma indicators were assessed in a random sample of 1000 children. Results revealed deficiencies of vitamins A (retinol <0.70 µmol/L, 8.5%), D (25-hydroxyvitamin D <50 nmol/L, 17.2%), E (a-tocopherol <9.3 µmol/L, 17.9%), K (decarboxy prothombin >2 µg/L, 20%), B-12 (cobalamin <150 pmol/L, 18.1%), B-6 [pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) <20 nmol/L, 43.1%], and ß-carotene (41.5% <0.09 µmol/L), with little folate deficiency (6.2% <13.6 nmol/L). Deficiencies of iron [ferritin <15 µg/L, 10.7%; transferrin receptor (TfR) >8.3 mg/L, 40.1%; TfR:ferritin >500 µg/µg, 14.3%], iodine (thyroglobulin >40 µg/L, 11.4%), and selenium (plasma selenium <0.89 µmol/L, 59.0%) were observed, whereas copper deficiency was nearly absent (plasma copper <11.8 µmol/L, 0.7%). Hemoglobin was not assessed. Among all children, 91.7% experienced at least 1 micronutrient deficiency, and 64.7% experienced multiple deficiencies. Inflammation (a-1 acid glycoprotein >1 g/L, C-reactive protein >5 mg/L, or both) was present in 31.6% of children, affecting the prevalence of deficiency as assessed by retinol, ß-carotene, PLP, ferritin, TfR, selenium, copper, or having any or multiple deficiencies. For any nutrient, population deficiency prevalence estimates were altered by =5.4% by the presence of inflammation, suggesting that the majority of deficiencies exist regardless of inflammation. Multiple micronutrient deficiencies coexist in school-aged children in rural Nepal, meriting more comprehensive strategies for their assessment and prevention.

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