Common Ancestry  

Oleh:

Sober, Elliott

Jenis: Article from Books - E-Book
Dalam koleksi: Evidence and evolution: the logic behind the science, page 264-352.
Topik: Modus Darwin; Ancestry Hypothesis Asserts; A Bayesiande Composition; Species Matching and Species Mismatching
Fulltext: Common Ancestry.pdf (599.23KB)

Isi artikel

We saw in the last chapter that evolutionary theory places hypotheses about the causes of trait evolution within the framework of a phylogenetic tree. These hypotheses, whether they say that the trait of interest evolved by natural selection or by some other process, make claims about what happened in lineages, and different lineages stem from common ancestors. For example, different extant species have different kinds of eyes, and some have no eyes at all. The fact of common ancestry places a constraint on how the present distribution of trait values must be explained. If all these species have a common ancestor, the lineages descending from that common ancestor had to start with the same trait value. It follows that the task of explaining why vertebrates have camera eyes is essentially connected to the task of explaining why other groups have other kinds of eyes while still others have none at all.

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