The Effects of Bilingualism on Examination Scores : A Different Setting  

Oleh:

Clarkson, Philip C. ; Clarkson, Ruth

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: RELC Journal (sebagian Full Text) vol. 24 no. 1 (Jun. 1993), page 109.
Fulltext: RELC Journal-1993-Clarkson-109-17.pdf (379.74KB)

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In Papua on Examination Scores : A Different Technology Abstract New Guinea the three external examinations that school students take in their final into the leave the secondary system competencies year level of the school at this point. This are important for their system. Sixty per study investigated in both a student’s first language of schooling, language Setting primary possible entry cent of students whether the level of and in English, influenced final scores on the external examinations. The results show that indeed there is such an influence. suggested for both the Papua New Guinea school Implications general language theory. There has been effects of bilingualism on-going system debate for a number of on students’ and years and DeAvila 1979; such as Cummins Duran 1988). cognitive performance (Duncan One line of argument ( 1979, 1980; Cummins and Swain the are as to the associated with writers 1986) suggests that students should not be classed competence cognitive second enhance in each language simply as bilingual; is seen to be of critical skills learnt in the student’s first language cognitive and thus this abilities in the level of importance language may interchange general. between since transfer to the languages may However such transference occurs if the student has reached some minimum threshold of in both languages. It is also falls below a minimal level in each not be enhanced but this depressed. suggested Results from various studies have not proposition, although that if a student’s language, there is some the given supporting cognitive clear cut evidence in the field of language (for a summary see for in other areas such as mathematics 1983). These studies took as countries. In a second developing example Collier learning (see subjects bilingual 1989), for only competence competence effect will support for as well as example students in Dawe developed countries where students often have to learn in language, cognitive One such case is proposition (Clarkson Papua effects of bilingualism may also be evident. New Guinea. Some has been found when mathematics in press; Clarkson and Galbraith support learning 1992). for Cummins’ was investigated 109

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