Primaquine decreased plasma concentration of ritonavir: single- and repeated-dose study in Sprague Dawley rats  

Oleh:

Louisa, Melva ; Soetikno, Vivian ; Nafrialdi ; Setiabudy, Rianto ; Suyatna, Frans D.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah nasional - terakreditasi DIKTI
Dalam koleksi: Medical Journal of Indonesia vol. 20 no. 3 (Aug. 2011), page 190-194.
Topik: drug interaction; metabolism; primaquine; ritonavir
Fulltext: Volume 20, Issue 3, August 2011 - Primaquine decreased plasma concentration of ritonavir- single- and repeated-dose study in Sprague Dawley rats.pdf (251.44KB)

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Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: M35.K Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Abstract Background: The present study was aimed to explore the effects of ritonavir and primaquine combination given as a singledose or repeated-dose compared to ritonavir alone on ritonavir plasma concentration in the rats. Methods: In single-dose study, 30 male Spraque Dawley rats were randomly allocated to receive ritonavir 20 mg/kg BW or ritonavir 20 mg/kg BW + primaquine 1.2 mg/kg BW or ritonavir 20 mg/kg BW + ketokonazole 10 mg/kg BW. Ketokonazole was used as positive control of ritonavir metabolism inhibitor. In the repeated-dose study, thirty Spraque Dawley male rats were randomly allocated to receive ritonavir 20 mg/kg BW/day or ritonavir 20 mg/kg BW/day + primaquine 1.2 mg/kg BW/day or ritonavir 20 mg/kg BW/day + rifampicin 100 mg/kg BW/day. Rifampicin was used as a positive control of ritonavir metabolism inducer. Results: In the single-dose study, ketokonazole increased the area under the plasma concentration (AUC) of ritonavir (?114.8%, p< 0.05), while primaquine tended to decrease the AUC of ritonavir (? 32.6%, p> 0.05). Repeated-dose study showed that rifampicin decreases the AUC of ritonavir (? 42.8%, p< 0.001), and primaquine decreased the AUC of ritonavir plasma concentration (? 46.6%, p< 0.001). Conclusion: Concomitant administration of primaquine and ritonavir decreases the AUC of ritonavir. This effect may result in the insuffi cient concentration of ritonavir as anti-HIV, which may lead to treatment failure with ritonavir.

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