| The government of Indonesia converted offline learning into online learning since the world is in a pandemic situation. The situation caused adaptation in many aspects. One of them was how the teacher and the students interacted during the online class. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the online learning interaction between teachers and students and the teachers' challenges in teaching online. The participants of this study were students from grade three until grade five and two English teachers of one private Elementary School in South Tangerang. The research instruments were observation forms based on FIACS and teacher interviews. The results were obtained by counting the percentage of each utterance. It shows that the students did not participate a lot in the classroom because the data shows that most of the student's interaction in every meeting is less than 50%. On the other hand, teachers' classroom interaction participation is more than 50%. According to the teachers' point of view, the challenges in building interaction during online class were primarily influenced by external factors, such as teaching activities, topics, and the characteristics of the students. Few students wanted to participate, although the teacher had tried to encourage them by giving questions, opening for discussion, and providing fun activities. The researcher expected that this study could improve students' participation in online classrooms. |