Detail Morals and the Machine   Oleh:  [s.n] Jenis: Article from Bulletin/Magazine Dalam koleksi: The Economist (http://search.proquest.com/) vol. 403 no. 8787 (Jun. 2012), page 13. Topik: Robots; Ethics; Morality; Society Ketersediaan Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: EE29.72 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada     Lihat Detail Induk Isi artikel In the classic science-fiction film "2001", the ship's computer, HAL, faces a dilemma. His instructions require him both to fulfil the ship's mission (investigating an artefact near Jupiter) and to keep the mission's true purpose secret from the ship's crew. To resolve the contradiction, he tries to kill the crew. As robots become more autonomous, the notion of computer-controlled machines facing ethical decisions is moving out of the realm of science fiction and into the real world. Society needs to find ways to ensure that they are better equipped to make moral judgments than HAL was. Military technology, unsurprisingly, is at the forefront of the march towards self-determining machines. Robots are spreading in the civilian world, too, from the flight deck to the operating theatre. Passenger aircraft have long been able to land themselves. Driverless trains are commonplace. As they become smarter and more widespread, autonomous machines are bound to end up making life-or-death decisions in unpredictable situations, thus assuming--or at least appearing to assume--moral agency. Society needs to develop ways of dealing with the ethics of robotics--and get going fast. The best-known set of guidelines for robo-ethics are the "three laws of robotics" coined by Isaac Asimov, a science-fiction writer, in 1942. The laws require robots to protect humans, obey orders and preserve themselves, in that order. Unfortunately, the laws are of little use in the real world. Battlefield robots would be required to violate the first law. And Asimov's robot stories are fun precisely because they highlight the unexpected complications that arise when robots try to follow his apparently sensible rules. Regulating the development and use of autonomous robots will require a rather more elaborate framework. Progress is needed in three areas in particular. Opini Anda Klik untuk menuliskan opini Anda tentang koleksi ini! Kembali

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