The Influence of Degree of Interpolated Learning on Retroactive Inhibition and the Overt Transfer of Specific Responses  

Oleh:

Irwin, Jean McQueen ; Melton, Arthur W.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: The American Journal of Psychology vol. 100 no. 3-4 (1987), page 610.
Topik: Influence of Degree; Retroactive Inhibition
Fulltext: 1422697.pdf (3.21MB)

Isi artikel

From Ebbinghaus onward, psychologists have attended to the decay of memory. What was the destiny of the stored memory trace? There were three major theories: (a) The memory trace spontaneously weakens or decays over the interval of retention. At recall, the weakened memory trace appears as forgetting. This theory is sometimes called Thorndike's Law of Disuse. (b) The memory trace remains intact but, on recall, appears weakened because of interference by other learning-either by learning prior to learning (proactive inhibition) or by learning after learning (retroactive inhibition). In this theory, forgetting is caused by competition between responses. This position was supported by the Jenkins-Dallenbach paper ("Obliviscence during sleep and waking") in the "Library Exhibit" section of this volume. (c) The memory trace remains intact but, on recall, appears weakened because it is inhibited by other learning. In this theory, forgetting is caused by a barrier to the learned responses. In 1932, J. H. McGeoch launched an extensive assault on spontaneous decay and argued that interference was the preferred explanation of forgetting. In the paper reproduced, Melton and Irwin present a massive challenge to the competition-of-response theory held by McGeoch and his associates. Melton and Irwin present evidence in support of their own position-that a barrier is positioned to prevent the occurrence of learned responses. Their paper inaugurated research on this theoretical and experimental learning problem during the following 20 years.

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