Beyond the Information Given : Causal Models in Learning and Reasoning  

Oleh:

Waldmann, Michael R. ; Hagmayer, York ; Blaisdell, Aaron P.

Jenis: Article from Journal - e-Journal
Dalam koleksi: Current Directions in Psychological Science vol. 15 no. 06 (Dec. 2006), page 307-311.
Topik: causality; learning; reasoning
Fulltext: 09. Beyond the Information Given - Causal Models in Learning and Reasoning.pdf (117.24KB)

Isi artikel

The philosopher David Hume’s conclusion that causal induction is solely based on observed associations still presents a puzzle to psychology. If we only acquired knowledge about statistical covariations between observed events without accessing deeper information about causality, we would be unable to understand the differences between causal and spurious relations, between prediction and diagnosis, and between observational and interventional inferences. All these distinctions require a deep understanding of causality that goes beyond the information given. We report a number of recent studies that demonstrate that people and rats do not stick to the superficial level of event covariations but reason and learn on the basis of deeper causal representations. Causal-model theory provides a unified account of this remarkable competence.

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