Does School Environment Affect 11-year-olds' Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Denmark?  

Oleh:

Krølner, Rikke ; Due, Pernille ; Rasmussen, Mette ; Damsgaard, Mogens Trab ; Holstein, Bjørn E. ; Klepp, Knut-Inge ; Lynch, John

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Social Science & Medicine (www.elsevier.com/locate/sosscimed) vol. 68 no. 8 (Apr. 2009), page 1416-1424.
Topik: Denmark; Fruit; Vegetables; School; Children; Parental involvement; Family

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: SS53 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

It is often found that adolescents eat too little fruit and vegetables. We examined the importance of school for 11-year-olds' daily intake measured by food frequency- and 24-h recall questionnaires in Danish data from the European 2003 Pro Children Survey. Multilevel logistic regression analyses included matched student–parent-school questionnaire data (N = 1410) from a random sample of 59 schools and were conducted for fruit and vegetables separately: 1) without explanatory variables, to decompose the between-school and within-school variance; 2) with individual level covariates (socioeconomic position, parental intake, etc.) to examine if the between-school variance was attributable to different student compositions of schools; and 3) with individual- and school-level covariates (school availability of fruit/vegetables and unhealthy food) to examine the effect of context. Additional analyses stratified by gender and home availability of fruit/vegetables examined if school food availability influenced subgroups differently. Between-school variations were quantified by intra class correlations and median odds ratios. We found that 40% of the students ate =200 g fruit/day and 25% ate =130 g vegetables/day. Most of the total variance in students' intake occurred at the individual level (93–98%). There were larger between-school variations in vegetable intake than in fruit intake. Fruit and vegetable consumption clustered within schools to a larger degree for boys than girls. The between-school variance did not differ by home availability. Boys and students from high availability homes consumed more fruit and/or vegetables if enrolled in schools with access to fruit/vegetables and unhealthy food or contrarily with no food available versus schools with only fruit/vegetables available. The small school-level effects on 11-year-olds' fruit and vegetable intake imply that family level interventions may be more important and that the success of school interventions will rely on the degree of parental involvement.

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