Some Shared Developments in Pronouns in Languages of Southern Oceania  

Oleh:

Lynch, John ; Ozanne-Rivierre, Francoise

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Oceanic Linguistics (ada di JSTOR) vol. 40 no. 1 (Jun. 2001), page 33-66.

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Perpustakaan PKBB Nomor Panggil: 405/OCL/40 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

The languages of Vanuatu and New Caledonia manifest a number of innovations in the Proto-Oceanic pronominal system, the most interesting of these-and the most useful for subgrouping purposes-being in the nonsingular focal pronouns. We show that (I) they continue two changes begun in Proto-Eastern Oceanic-*t > *d in the first inclusive pronoun *kita, and the suffixing of the numerals *rua 'two' and *tolu 'three' to form dual and trial pronouns, and (2) they also continue the change *k > *g in the first exclusive and second person pronouns *kamarni and *kam(i)u, which has been reconstructed for ProtoNorth-Central Vanuatu. However, the languages of Southern Vanuatu and New Caledonia apparently uniquely share two other innovations: (3) *kida > *gada (alternating with *gadi?) as the first person inclusive pronoun; and (4) restructuring of the system of number-marking, such that dual and trial are marked by greatly modified forms of the numerals *rua and *tolu, and a plural suffix deriving from an equally modified form of *pat(i) 'four' is added to the system. This paper documents these changes, suggests that they provide strong evidence for grouping Southern Vanuatu and New Caledonian languages into a single subgroup of Oceanic, and also suggests that changes (2) and (3) may have been part of a process-begun in Proto-Eastern Oceanic-by which deictics became fused with pronominal roots.

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