Background.Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with the characteristic of hyperglycemia that is responsible for numerous complications and multiple organ dysfunctions. In 2014 there were 9.1 million people had diabetes and 175,936 deaths caused by diabetes in Indonesia. Herbal medicine is a choice for treating diabetes. Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea esculenta are plants that can be found in Indonesia. There are some studies stating that Dioscorea sp contains active compound that can reduce blood glucose level.
Objectives. The aim of this study is to understand the antihyperglycemic effect of Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea esculenta on alloxan injected Sprague Dawley rats.
Methodology. This study is in vivo experiment. Study animals were divided into 4 groups. The first group was negative control that is not given alloxan injection and
any treatment. The second group was given metformin 50 mg/kgBW. The third group was given Dioscorea alata powder 1000 mg/kgBW. The fourth group was given
Dioscorea esculenta powder 1000mg/kgBW. Metformin and the powders were dissolved in water. The interventions were given everyday in 14 days. Blood glucose levels were measured 2 days after alloxan injection, 1 hour, 3 hour, 5 hour, 5 days, 10 days, and 14 days after treatment. The data was analyzed using comparative analysis paired t test.
Results. The treatment with metformin, Dioscorea alata, and Dioscorea esculenta showed significant reduction (p<0.05). The blood glucose levels were reduce by
40.52%, 36.71%, and 50.03% 14 days after the treatment with metformin, Dioscorea alata, and Dioscorea esculenta, respectively. The significant reduction (p<0.05) occured 5 hours after the treatment.
Conclusions. Blood glucose level reduction on the treatment with Dioscorea alata 1000 mg/kgBW (50,03%) is bigger than the treatment with metformin 50 mg/kgBW. Blood glucose level reduction on the treatment with Dioscorea alata is smaller than the treatment with metformin 50 mg/kgBW (40,52%). |