Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a pandemic disease. The latest trend of HIV transmission in Indonesia is transmission from mother to child. According to The Ministry of Health of Indonesia, the number of AIDS cases with perinatal transmission risk factors was estimated at 727 cases in June 2011. One of the government's efforts in tackling vertical transmission is the Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) program. However, the utilization of VCT program in Indonesia is still very minimal because it is still considered controversial.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the factors that affect VCT Utilization among pregnant women in Indonesia
Methods: This study is a systematyc review. The research was conducted by collecting literatures about VCT utilization among pregnant women in Indonesia which then analyzed descriptively qualitative.
Results: Twelve literatures were collected for this study. Factors obtained were knowledge among pregnant women, HIV/AIDS stigma and social discrimination, maternal age, gestational age, pregnancy history, family support, midwife roles,maternal employment, VCT costs, and accessibility of health facilities.
Conclusion: Factors that found encouraging VCT utilization among pregnant women in Indonesia are knowledge of pregnant women, gestational age, pregnancy history, family support, midwife support, and VCT costs. Barriers for VCT utilization among pregnant women in Indonesia are the stigma of HIV/AIDS and social discrimination, maternal employment, and accessibility of health facilities. Meanwhile, maternal age is considered not to affect the utilization of VCT (neutral). |