Pengaruh Masa Inkubasi, Onset dan Spasme Laring terhadap Kematian pada Pasien Tetanus di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta 2000-2004  

Oleh:

Humardewayanti, Rizka ; Rudiansyah, Mohammad ; Loehoeri, Soebagjoe

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah nasional
Dalam koleksi: Berkala Kesehatan Klinik vol. 12 no. 02 (Dec. 2006), page 120-127 .
Topik: tetanus - incubation - onset -laryngospasm - mortality

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: B25.K.01 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

Background: Tetanus is still remains health problems in the world, especially in developing countries, and caused of death in 800.000 - 1 million per year. In Indonesia, mortality rate of tetanus cases is still high. In Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta has been reported 24 cases tetanus in 1990-1991 and 54 cases in 1995-1999, and the mortality rate was 40-60% in severe cases. The short-term of incubation and onset have bad prognosis especially to the death. Presentation of laryngospasm increased mortality risk that correlated with respiratory failure. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the influence of incubation, onset and laryngospasm to the death on hospitalized tetanus patients in Dr Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta 2000-2004. Method: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study, medical record from January 2000 until December 2004, those tetanus patients (ICD XA. 35), to analyze the mortality risk for incubation, onset and laryngospasm. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test compared mean and odds ratio to find out the risk. There are 116 patients tetanus but only 95 patients those included to this study, because of tetanus in children (4), several patients have no complete data and can not traceable (17) and discharge without permission (6). Result: There are 59 patients male (62, 1 %) and 36 patients female (37, 9%), 24 patients from 95 patients were died (25, 3%). There is no differences between male and female for the death on tetanus patients (P=0,308). The mean of age is 56,53+14,74 years, incubation period is 10, 71 +9, 03 days and onset is 2, 99+2, 15 days. There are no differences mean of age (P=0, 62, 95% CI, -5, 17 - 8, 70) and mean of onset (P=0, 13, 95% CI, -0, 23 - 1, 77), but mean of incubation is difference significantly (P=0,041, 95% CI, 0, 18 - 8, 51) between the death and life tetanus patients. The mortality risk of incubation period < 7 days has 4, 5 times compared > 7 days of incubation period. The relationship between larynx spasm and the death were significant (P<0, 05) and mortality risk has 76 times was compared to tetanus patients without laryngospasm (OR= 76,95% CI, 17,44 - 333, 31). Conclusions: The mean of incubation and onset periods were not different to the death and life on tetanus patients. Laryngospasm correlate to the death on tetanus patients in Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 2000-2004.

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